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673 problems across eight parts. Filter by topic and difficulty, or search the statements.

673 problems

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22.9 Costly Uniform SamplingThresholds for Continuous Draws Games and Decisions Medium
15.8 Extinction of a Bacterial Colony+1Branching Processes Random Processes Medium Free
6.3 Deuce in TennisWhich Comes First? Probability Easy
31.21 Linear Diophantine ParametrisationModular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
7.9 Glass Bridge Line PositionBinomial and Geometric Probability Medium
32.9 Repunit Decimals with xy = x + yAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
33.2 The Sliding LadderCalculus Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
13.12 Longest of Three PiecesUniform Order Statistics and Spacings Expectation and Variance Medium
21.2 Reroll Unless the Sum Hits SevenKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Medium
9.9 No Piece Longer Than HalfBroken Sticks Probability Medium
11.10 Consecutive Rolls Differing by OneWaiting for Patterns Expectation and Variance Medium
1.12 Triangles With Prime DifferencesArrangements and Selections Counting Hard
13.14 Waiting to Beat the First Value+2Records and Monotone Runs Expectation and Variance Easy Free
7.30 Relabelled Die for a Uniform SumSums of Dice and Generating Functions Probability Medium
14.1 Product of Heads and TailsVariance of Counts Expectation and Variance Easy Free
3.27 No Two Adjacent Bulbs LitDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Medium
3.33 Product of Two Dice Divisible by SixComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Easy
26.7 Short Call Vega as Spot FallsGreeks and Their Relationships Finance and Derivatives Easy
21.3 Stay or Switch UrnsKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Medium
9.1 Conditional Region in the Unit SquareRegions in the Unit Square Probability Easy Free
5.2 Random Number of Die RollsThe Law of Total Probability Probability Easy
5.14 Predicting the Next FlipWhich Coin Was It? Probability Easy
3.34 Both Special Marbles AppearComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Easy
31.8 Arithmetic Progression with Prime ProductDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
29.3 Two-Jug Water MeasuringMeasuring Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
23.19 Counting Auction EquilibriaMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Hard
10.35 Tying Noodle EndsCycles and Loops Expectation and Variance Medium
10.30 Cards Between First Two and First AcePositions in a Shuffled Deck Expectation and Variance Hard
14.5 Correlation Under Affine MapsCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy Free
3.17 Restoring a House NumberDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Medium
10.7 Paying Per Door OpenedFair Prices from the Definition Expectation and Variance Easy
13.1 Expected Maximum of Two Dice+1Maxima and Minima of Dice and Cards Expectation and Variance Easy Free
21.18 Options on Dice ProductsBetting, Bidding and Market Making Games and Decisions Easy
3.9 Girls Joining a Circle of BoysDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Medium
7.5 Return to Start With Uneven StepsBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
18.7 Log-Price Dynamics of GBM+3Ito's Lemma Random Processes Easy Free
13.7 Highest of Four CardsMaxima and Minima of Dice and Cards Expectation and Variance Medium
14.30 Infinite Expected Wait to WinMoments and Generating Functions Expectation and Variance Easy
1.13 Allocating Identical Units+6Stars and Bars Counting Easy Free
31.24 Cyclic Shifts Divisible by 37Modular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.13 Ferry PassengersAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.1 Balancing FruitsAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
23.7 Pirates Dividing GoldBackward Induction and Winning Positions Games and Decisions Medium
32.19 When a² + ab + b² Is a SquareAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.38 Fly Between Two CarsRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
9.11 Triangle Containing the Centre+1Points on a Circle Probability Medium Free
3.5 Each Player Gets One of Each RankCards and Poker Hands Probability Medium
24.4 Stock Against an Even-Money Bet+2Betting Odds and Dutch Books Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
32.4 Product of Four Consecutive Integers Plus OneAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
31.7 Smallest Multiple of 77 Above a BoundDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
16.12 Stopping When Heads First LeadPaths, Reflection and First Returns Random Processes Hard
32.34 Chained Race MarginsRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
4.10 Parking Spots and Random ArrivalsRelative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Hard
21.8 Maximising a Product With One RerollKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Medium
21.9 Thirty-Sided Against Twenty-Sided DieKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Hard
8.14 CLT for a Sum of ExponentialsThe Normal Distribution Probability Easy
12.19 Arc Containing a Fixed PointThe Inspection Paradox Expectation and Variance Medium
24.1 Borrow Low, Lend HighInterest Rates and Currencies Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
31.1 Four Integers from Pair ProductsDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
21.6 Choosing a Threshold BetKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Easy
30.14 Deleting Every Other NumberRecursion and Induction Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
10.33 Cycles of a Random Permutation+1Cycles and Loops Expectation and Variance Medium Free
24.3 Triangular Currency ArbitrageInterest Rates and Currencies Finance and Derivatives Easy
8.4 Uniform Exceeds a ProductSums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Easy
3.30 Distinct Win Totals in a Round RobinDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Medium
31.6 Adults at a ConcertDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
34.7 South, East, NorthGeometry and Spatial Reasoning Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
4.32 Die Rolls Forming a Multiple of EightParity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Easy
16.18 Exponential Martingale of a Walk+1Martingales and Optional Stopping Random Processes Easy Free
12.17 Uniform Angle Given Its SineConditioning on Sums and Symmetric Functions Expectation and Variance Easy
30.10 Most Coins Without Change for a DollarPigeonhole and Extremal Principles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
9.2 Cuts on Opposite HalvesRegions in the Unit Square Probability Easy
25.5 Replicating an Absolute-Value Payoff+4Static Replication Finance and Derivatives Medium Free
4.2 Strictly Increasing Dice RollsRelative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Easy
2.31 Sorted by One Bubble-Sort PassRecursions Counting Medium
14.21 Smallest MGF Value Given AnotherBounds on Moments and Correlations Expectation and Variance Medium
3.40 Rolling Until a RepeatComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Easy
12.15 Gaussian Share of a SumConditioning on Sums and Symmetric Functions Expectation and Variance Easy Free
28.1 Finding a Heavier CoinWeighings Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
13.10 Shorter Piece of a Broken StickUniform Order Statistics and Spacings Expectation and Variance Easy
10.23 Urn Recolouring Black to RedIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
11.21 Uniforms Summing Past a ThresholdStopping Rules and Wald's Identity Expectation and Variance Medium
29.9 Toasting Three at a TimeScheduling and Clever Constructions Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
23.17 Secret Redraw GameMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Medium
19.1 Maximum Likelihood for a BinomialEstimators Statistics and Regression Easy Free
31.33 Distinct Pairwise Digit SumsDigit Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
32.29 Egyptian Fraction RepresentationAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
7.4 Top Three of Five DiceBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
27.8 Decoding Colour CodesDeduction Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
8.16 Aiming at Two Tiny TargetsThe Normal Distribution Probability Medium
14.2 Correlation of Multinomial CountsVariance of Counts Expectation and Variance Medium
32.31 Combined Work Rates+4Rates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
33.12 High Derivative from Taylor CoefficientsSequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
5.17 The Added BabyConditioning Paradoxes Probability Easy
31.11 Random Divisor Divisible by a NumberDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
5.1 Transfer Between Urns Then Draw+1The Law of Total Probability Probability Easy Free
4.34 Even Gaps Between Matching BlocksParity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Medium
22.2 Unlimited Costly RerollsStop or Roll Again? Games and Decisions Medium
32.17 Missing Pairwise ProductAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
7.17 One Geometric Four Times AnotherBinomial and Geometric Probability Medium
31.29 Least Multiple of 15 in 0s and 1sDigit Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.32 Speed With and Against a CurrentRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
13.17 Dart Distance From the Centre+1Expected Lengths and Distances Expectation and Variance Easy Free
31.22 Missing Digit by Casting Out NinesModular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
21.1 Reroll a Die Once+8Keep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Easy Free
18.6 Laplace Transform of an Exit TimeHitting Times and the Reflection Principle Random Processes Hard
10.18 Local Maxima of a PermutationIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
32.7 The Value of iiAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
33.15 Sum over Terminating DecimalsSequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
25.9 Calendar Spread ArbitrageNo-Arbitrage Bounds Finance and Derivatives Easy
27.5 Snail Climbing OutDeduction Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.37 Two Burning CandlesRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
2.4 Squares on a ChessboardBijections and Double Counting Counting Easy
30.15 Josephus ProblemRecursion and Induction Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
32.12 Sheep StealersAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
26.8 Largest Gamma Among At-the-Money OptionsGreeks and Their Relationships Finance and Derivatives Medium
1.14 Multisets and Non-Decreasing CodesStars and Bars Counting Easy
12.13 Highest Roll Before a FourConditioning on How It Ended Expectation and Variance Medium
30.5 Particles Falling Off a LineInvariants and Symmetry Arguments Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
8.9 Sums of Uniforms Below OneSums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Medium
20.7 Sample Size for a Significant SlopeR-Squared, Data Transformations and Pitfalls Statistics and Regression Medium
6.9 Checker Reaching a Top CornerSmall Absorbing Chains Probability Easy Free
2.28 Pairs Differing by 1 or 11Recursions Counting Hard
25.10 Upper Bound on a Put SpreadNo-Arbitrage Bounds Finance and Derivatives Easy
13.5 Smallest Card in the Box of 100Maxima and Minima of Dice and Cards Expectation and Variance Medium
2.25 No Two Consecutive HeadsRecursions Counting Medium
5.8 The Flippant JurorThe Law of Total Probability Probability Easy
14.27 Poisson Factorial MomentMoments and Generating Functions Expectation and Variance Medium
14.20 Frechet Bound on UnionBounds on Moments and Correlations Expectation and Variance Easy
2.13 Locks for a Majority SafeBijections and Double Counting Counting Medium
4.35 Odd Row and Column Sums in a GridParity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Medium
29.5 Fox, Chicken and GrainCrossings and Transport Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
26.1 Two-Step Tree for a Squared Payoff+3Binomial Trees and Risk-Neutral Pricing Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
12.7 Normal With Random ParametersThe Tower Property Expectation and Variance Easy
29.7 Bridge and LanternCrossings and Transport Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
33.14 Series via a Uniform ExpectationSequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
23.5 Halving a Card StackBackward Induction and Winning Positions Games and Decisions Medium
23.14 Choosing Die SizesMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Medium
1.3 Teams With a Restricted MemberArrangements and Selections Counting Easy
22.7 Take and RollStop or Roll Again? Games and Decisions Medium
10.20 Complete Four-Circuits in a Random GraphIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
16.6 Expected Duration of Fair RuinGambler's Ruin Random Processes Easy
34.6 Consecutive Sides and HeightGeometry and Spatial Reasoning Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
29.12 Blind Split of CoinsScheduling and Clever Constructions Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
31.32 Move the Last Digit, Multiply by 4Digit Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
32.3 Alternating Sum of SquaresAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
24.7 Minimum-Variance Hedge Ratio+3Portfolio Variance Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
11.19 Two Cars AdvancingFirst-Step Equations for Expectations Expectation and Variance Medium
13.6 Expected Maximum Without ReplacementMaxima and Minima of Dice and Cards Expectation and Variance Medium
6.8 HHT Before HTT+1Pattern Races Probability Medium Free
10.32 Halving Large LoavesPositions in a Shuffled Deck Expectation and Variance Hard
33.5 Steinmetz SolidCalculus Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
3.38 A Ball Drawn by EveryoneComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Hard
11.8 Waiting for HTHWaiting for Patterns Expectation and Variance Easy
32.20 Median of Numbers and Their SquaresAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
15.7 Reflecting Walk at a BarrierLong-Run Behaviour Random Processes Medium
11.7 HT: A Pattern Without OverlapWaiting for Patterns Expectation and Variance Easy
4.16 First Matching Socks on WednesdaySymmetry in a Shuffled Deck Probability Medium
8.8 Uniform Plus Exponential Exceeds OneSums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Easy
14.12 Covariance of Complementary VariablesCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy
29.4 Beer Barrel MeasuringMeasuring Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
13.9 Order Statistic Given ExtremesUniform Order Statistics and Spacings Expectation and Variance Easy
31.2 When Planets RealignDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
24.6 Binary Contracts with Two WinnersBetting Odds and Dutch Books Finance and Derivatives Medium
4.21 Equal Head CountsIngenious Symmetries and Couplings Probability Easy
14.18 Ranking Second Moments of DiceCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Medium
7.22 One Ace in Each HandSampling Without Replacement Probability Easy
30.12 Largest Coprime Subset SumPigeonhole and Extremal Principles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
12.6 Mean From a Joint DensityThe Tower Property Expectation and Variance Easy
22.8 Three Cards of Unknown OffsetThresholds for Continuous Draws Games and Decisions Medium Free
32.41 Courier Along a Marching ArmyRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
8.26 Minimum Plus Maximum Exceeds OneOrder Statistics Probability Medium Free
5.15 Given At Least One Head+2Conditioning Paradoxes Probability Easy Free
14.11 Variance of a ProductCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy
25.4 Put-Call Parity ArbitragePut-Call Parity Finance and Derivatives Easy
4.27 Dice Sum Divisible by Six+3Parity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Easy Free
18.9 Itô Isometry with a Gaussian MGFIto Integrals and the Isometry Random Processes Medium
7.29 Blue Pair Beats Red PairSums of Dice and Generating Functions Probability Easy
3.24 Loaded Die and a Sum of SevenDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
1.10 Distinct Sums of PairingsArrangements and Selections Counting Medium
5.3 Coin With a Random BiasThe Law of Total Probability Probability Easy
14.19 Largest Variance on an IntervalBounds on Moments and Correlations Expectation and Variance Easy Free
9.6 One Cut and a Fixed Third SideBroken Sticks Probability Easy Free
7.32 Die Whose Single and Double Rolls AgreeSums of Dice and Generating Functions Probability Medium
23.15 Marble LotteryMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Medium
31.23 Cubes Ending in 11Modular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
11.9 A Two or Two OnesWaiting for Patterns Expectation and Variance Easy
28.10 Two-Egg DropAdversarial Search Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
33.13 Leading Coefficient of a Power SumSequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
2.1 Counting From the ComplementsBijections and Double Counting Counting Easy Free
22.1 Up to Two RerollsStop or Roll Again? Games and Decisions Easy Free
2.23 Climbing Stairs One or Two at a Time+3Recursions Counting Easy Free
31.20 Frobenius Coin ProblemModular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
7.14 Fives Before the First SixBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
9.15 Darts in Concentric RingsDiscs, Spheres and Darts Probability Easy
30.11 The Taxman GamePigeonhole and Extremal Principles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
30.6 Socks for a Matching PairPigeonhole and Extremal Principles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
3.14 Sock Drawer With Probability One HalfDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
28.3 Light Bulb and Four SwitchesEncoding and Group Testing Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium Free
32.42 The Potato ParadoxPercentages, Mixtures and Growth Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
1.25 Avoiding Four-Term ProgressionsComplements and Inclusion-Exclusion Counting Medium
9.8 Triangle From Three Uniform LengthsBroken Sticks Probability Medium
8.25 Maximum of Exponentials Near ln nOrder Statistics Probability Easy
16.4 Fair Gambler's Ruin+1Gambler's Ruin Random Processes Easy Free
8.20 One Bulb Outlasting Ten in SequenceExponential Variables and Races Probability Medium
31.26 Period of the Over-Under ShuffleModular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
18.11 Quadratic Variation in L²Ito Integrals and the Isometry Random Processes Medium
32.45 Alternating Up and Down MovesPercentages, Mixtures and Growth Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
25.3 Call Price from Put-Call Parity+3Put-Call Parity Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
8.27 Guessing the Rank of a Revealed ValueOrder Statistics Probability Medium
33.11 Fibonacci Decimal SeriesSequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
5.10 Random Wiring Forms One LoopThe Law of Total Probability Probability Medium
4.4 Higher Card Than the DealerRelative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Easy
2.5 Rectangles on a Chessboard+2Bijections and Double Counting Counting Easy Free
7.26 Every Value but One ChosenOccupancy Probability Medium Free
10.24 Non-Overlapping Blocks in Black RunsIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Hard
2.19 Ticket Queue With No ChangeLattice Paths, Reflection and Catalan Numbers Counting Medium
8.1 Ratio of Two Uniforms in a Band+2Sums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Easy Free
1.8 All B's Before the First OArrangements and Selections Counting Medium
23.4 Removing Powers of TwoBackward Induction and Winning Positions Games and Decisions Medium
3.35 Range of Three Dice Equals FourComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Medium
5.13 Which Coin Was Drawn?+2Which Coin Was It? Probability Easy Free
25.6 Binary Strangle from Binary CallsStatic Replication Finance and Derivatives Easy
25.2 Call on a Uniform PricePayoffs and Strategies Finance and Derivatives Easy
10.6 Roulette With Side BetFair Prices from the Definition Expectation and Variance Easy
27.4 Fenceposts and GunshotsDeduction Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
18.1 Variance of a Sum of Brownian ValuesGaussian Structure Random Processes Easy Free
6.11 Passing a Ball Around a CircleSmall Absorbing Chains Probability Medium
7.6 Random Subset PairsBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
6.1 Alternating Until First Success+5Taking Turns Probability Easy Free
18.12 Killing the Drift+3Martingales from Ito's Lemma Random Processes Easy Free
7.1 Conditioning on Past Coin FlipsBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy Free
32.39 Three Cars PassingRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
10.29 Cards Until the First Ace+4Positions in a Shuffled Deck Expectation and Variance Easy Free
2.14 Lattice Paths Across a Grid+4Lattice Paths, Reflection and Catalan Numbers Counting Easy Free
32.28 Geometric Progression Summing to a SquareAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
2.27 Density of Heads Without HHRecursions Counting Hard
2.11 Magic Triangle Side SumsBijections and Double Counting Counting Hard
21.13 How Many Searchers to HireHow Many to Buy? Games and Decisions Easy Free
13.3 Median of Three DiceMaxima and Minima of Dice and Cards Expectation and Variance Easy
3.25 A Run of Exactly Three HeadsDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
3.39 The Birthday ProblemComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Easy
30.1 Red and Black Pairs+1Invariants and Symmetry Arguments Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
10.9 Red Faces of Painted CubesIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy Free
24.5 Three-Horse Dutch BookBetting Odds and Dutch Books Finance and Derivatives Easy
24.2 Pricing a Forward ContractInterest Rates and Currencies Finance and Derivatives Easy
9.7 Broken Stick TriangleBroken Sticks Probability Medium
11.4 Two Dice per RoundThe Coupon Collector Expectation and Variance Medium
7.31 Loaded Dice With a Uniform SumSums of Dice and Generating Functions Probability Medium
6.13 Escaping on a Triangular LatticeSmall Absorbing Chains Probability Medium
4.22 Winner-Stays TournamentIngenious Symmetries and Couplings Probability Medium
2.8 Sum of Multinomial CoefficientsBijections and Double Counting Counting Easy
23.9 Coprime Picking GameBackward Induction and Winning Positions Games and Decisions Hard
11.1 Coupon Collector+4The Coupon Collector Expectation and Variance Easy Free
11.14 Paid Until the Dice TieFirst-Step Equations for Expectations Expectation and Variance Easy
6.7 Two Wins in a RowWhich Comes First? Probability Medium
32.5 Sum of Three Cubes Is a CubeAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
22.3 Accumulate or BustStop or Roll Again? Games and Decisions Easy
16.14 Return Before Leaving a SquareWalks on Cycles and Lattices Random Processes Medium
10.16 Runs in Coin TossesIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
7.20 Most Likely Draw of the Fifth KingSampling Without Replacement Probability Medium
31.25 Period of a Perfect Riffle ShuffleModular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
29.13 Fastest Spread of InfectionScheduling and Clever Constructions Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
3.2 Exactly Two Aces DealtCards and Poker Hands Probability Easy
25.11 Butterfly ArbitrageNo-Arbitrage Bounds Finance and Derivatives Easy
13.4 Dice Sum Over the Smaller DieMaxima and Minima of Dice and Cards Expectation and Variance Medium
5.21 Monty Hall+3Conditioning Paradoxes Probability Easy Free
33.17 Concatenating 21000 and 51000Sequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
16.8 Winning Exactly Once Before RuinPaths, Reflection and First Returns Random Processes Medium Free
31.34 Dates with All Digits DistinctDigit Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
20.4 Duplicating the DataR-Squared, Data Transformations and Pitfalls Statistics and Regression Easy
14.15 Uncorrelated but Dependent CoordinatesCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy
16.2 Expected Hitting Time of a LevelHitting Probabilities and Times Random Processes Medium
10.19 Intact Pairs of SocksIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
10.8 Expected Sum of Bills DrawnIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy Free
27.10 Hilbert's HotelDeduction Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
23.3 Coins on a Round TableBackward Induction and Winning Positions Games and Decisions Easy
33.6 Solving f − f′ = PolynomialCalculus Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
10.4 Chuck-a-Luck Expected PayoffFair Prices from the Definition Expectation and Variance Easy
1.17 Digit Sum 19 Below a MillionStars and Bars Counting Medium
33.7 Limit of n∫dx/(1 + xn)Calculus Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
2.9 Binomial Coefficients With Odd IndicesBijections and Double Counting Counting Medium
5.5 King Back in the CornerThe Law of Total Probability Probability Easy
29.8 Camel and BananasCrossings and Transport Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
25.8 American Versus European CallNo-Arbitrage Bounds Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
27.9 Cheryl's BirthdayDeduction Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
11.3 Removing Matching PairsThe Coupon Collector Expectation and Variance Easy
31.12 100 Lockers and Toggled LightsDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
18.4 Brownian Exit ProbabilityHitting Times and the Reflection Principle Random Processes Easy Free
30.7 Pirates Aiming CannonsPigeonhole and Extremal Principles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
31.3 Regular Polygons with Integer AnglesDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
26.5 Straddle Delta via Parity+4Greeks and Their Relationships Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
33.19 Idempotent Matrix SpectrumLinear Algebra Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
4.36 Even Sum Before First SixParity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Easy
8.7 Geometric Mean of UniformsSums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Easy
32.6 Square as a Difference of CubesAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
31.4 When kk Is a SquareDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
13.13 Nearest Neighbour on a CircleUniform Order Statistics and Spacings Expectation and Variance Easy
18.10 Variance of the Integral of WIto Integrals and the Isometry Random Processes Medium
16.11 Two Walks That Stay OrderedPaths, Reflection and First Returns Random Processes Hard
10.3 Accumulate, Cash Out or BustFair Prices from the Definition Expectation and Variance Easy
10.17 Runs in a Shuffled DeckIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
12.18 Bus Wait With Random DelaysThe Inspection Paradox Expectation and Variance Medium Free
4.31 Odd Units Digit of a ProductParity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Easy
4.3 Conditional Order of UniformsRelative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Easy
4.7 Minimum Roll Before the First FiveRelative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Medium
28.7 Guessing a Number by HalvingAdversarial Search Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
4.20 n+1 Coins Versus n CoinsIngenious Symmetries and Couplings Probability Medium
10.21 Adjacent Heads with Shrinking ProbabilitiesIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
10.36 Pruning a Random TreeCycles and Loops Expectation and Variance Medium
10.25 Crossings of Random ChordsIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Medium
2.10 Weighted Hockey-Stick SumBijections and Double Counting Counting Medium
14.4 Variance of Fixed PointsVariance of Counts Expectation and Variance Medium
33.9 Fibonacci Sums in TriplesSequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
20.6 Bounds on Joint R-SquaredR-Squared, Data Transformations and Pitfalls Statistics and Regression Medium
3.36 Tower With Exactly Two ColoursComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Medium
32.25 Ages Hidden in Power YearsAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
8.22 Gladiators With Fixed StrengthsExponential Variables and Races Probability Hard
33.21 Matrix Powers by DiagonalisationLinear Algebra Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.18 Pascal Entries in Ratio 3:4:5Algebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
3.29 Exactly One Leftward HopDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Medium
5.11 Last Cherry EatenThe Law of Total Probability Probability Hard
23.1 Race to FiftyBackward Induction and Winning Positions Games and Decisions Easy Free
8.2 Ceiling of a Ratio Is a SquareSums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Medium
4.5 All Odd Faces Before Any EvenRelative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Easy
32.22 Hundred FowlsAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
5.6 Chip Drawn After Even DrawsThe Law of Total Probability Probability Easy
12.3 Unequal Dice Payout GameThe Tower Property Expectation and Variance Medium
3.12 One Random Subset Inside AnotherDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
4.23 Fair Match Between Dice SumsIngenious Symmetries and Couplings Probability Medium
7.15 Fives Before Both a 4 and a 6Binomial and Geometric Probability Medium
19.5 German Tank ProblemEstimators Statistics and Regression Medium
28.2 Twelve Coins, Heavier or LighterWeighings Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Hard
32.40 Ships Meeting MidwayRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
25.1 Maximum Profit of a Covered CallPayoffs and Strategies Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
14.3 Variance of Clubs in a HandVariance of Counts Expectation and Variance Easy
2.7 Sum of All Pandigital NumbersBijections and Double Counting Counting Medium
19.2 Capture-RecaptureEstimators Statistics and Regression Easy
11.2 Replacing Red Orbs with BlueThe Coupon Collector Expectation and Variance Easy
4.1 Cards Drawn in Increasing Order+1Relative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Easy Free
7.24 Mode of a PoissonThe Poisson Distribution Probability Easy
22.6 Stop Before a Red CardStop or Roll Again? Games and Decisions Medium
4.29 Even Sum of Random PrimesParity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Easy
22.4 Cash Out Before a SixStop or Roll Again? Games and Decisions Hard
5.22 Russian Roulette: Spin or NotConditioning Paradoxes Probability Easy
7.12 Maximum of Geometric CountsBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
1.1 Boys and Girls AlternatingArrangements and Selections Counting Easy Free
8.23 Maximum of Uniforms in an Interval+2Order Statistics Probability Easy Free
8.19 Maxima of Scaled ExponentialsExponential Variables and Races Probability Medium
5.9 Most Likely Final RollThe Law of Total Probability Probability Medium
7.11 Memorylessness of the GeometricBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
3.37 At Least One Couple PairedComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Medium
10.22 Expected Number of RecordsIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
3.15 Matching Pair From Three SocksDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
9.14 Coin Inside a Square+1Discs, Spheres and Darts Probability Easy Free
10.13 Digits Equal to EightIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
15.6 Noisy Relay of a MessageLong-Run Behaviour Random Processes Medium
10.31 Two Kings or a King and an AcePositions in a Shuffled Deck Expectation and Variance Hard
12.16 Normal Given the Squared RadiusConditioning on Sums and Symmetric Functions Expectation and Variance Easy
8.21 Racing Poisson Arrival CountsExponential Variables and Races Probability Medium
2.3 Shooting Targets in ColumnsBijections and Double Counting Counting Easy
12.12 Mossel's Dice ParadoxConditioning on How It Ended Expectation and Variance Hard
10.15 Couples Seated TogetherIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
28.8 Matching Keys to LocksAdversarial Search Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
7.18 Ordering Three Geometric WaitsBinomial and Geometric Probability Medium
9.17 Random Point on a SnowmanDiscs, Spheres and Darts Probability Easy
30.16 Doubling Stacks Working BackwardRecursion and Induction Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
2.15 Two Walkers Meeting on GridLattice Paths, Reflection and Catalan Numbers Counting Medium
10.11 Random Number of Ones and NinesIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Medium
5.16 Small Dice Sum Given Two EvensConditioning Paradoxes Probability Easy
8.18 First Bid Above a ThresholdExponential Variables and Races Probability Easy
1.5 Palindromic Anagrams of MISSISSIPPIArrangements and Selections Counting Easy
1.15 Sums Bounded by an InequalityStars and Bars Counting Easy
11.22 Uniforms Summing Past TwoStopping Rules and Wald's Identity Expectation and Variance Hard
4.33 Parity of Paired ProductsParity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Easy
8.12 Normal Half-Plane by SymmetryThe Normal Distribution Probability Easy Free
32.14 Paying for Shared LoavesAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
24.8 Tangency Portfolio of Two AssetsPortfolio Variance Finance and Derivatives Medium
15.4 Proportions in an Infinite LineLong-Run Behaviour Random Processes Easy Free
32.10 Bhaskara's Swarm of BeesAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.15 Weights from Pairwise SumsAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
3.8 Seated in Age Order Around a TableDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
14.26 Mean Absolute Value of a NormalMoments and Generating Functions Expectation and Variance Easy
1.22 Codes With a Repeated DigitComplements and Inclusion-Exclusion Counting Medium
16.9 First Return to a TiePaths, Reflection and First Returns Random Processes Hard
31.10 Trailing Zeros of a FactorialDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
21.17 Kelly Bet SizingBetting, Bidding and Market Making Games and Decisions Easy
16.10 Ruin at an Exact TimePaths, Reflection and First Returns Random Processes Hard
19.6 Error Rates of a Binomial Test+1Hypothesis Tests and Sample Sizes Statistics and Regression Easy Free
32.23 De Morgan's Square YearAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
16.17 Peierls Bound for PercolationWalks on Cycles and Lattices Random Processes Medium
5.20 Rolled Painted Cube Shows RedConditioning Paradoxes Probability Easy
28.6 Prisoners and the GlassEncoding and Group Testing Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
11.6 Runs of Consecutive Successes+1Waiting for Patterns Expectation and Variance Easy Free
2.21 Two Kinds of BracketsLattice Paths, Reflection and Catalan Numbers Counting Medium
32.33 Average Speed Is a Harmonic MeanRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
4.18 Top Two Seeds Meet in the Final+2Ingenious Symmetries and Couplings Probability Easy Free
9.20 Thick Coin Landing on Its EdgeDiscs, Spheres and Darts Probability Medium
26.6 Delta as an Exercise ProbabilityGreeks and Their Relationships Finance and Derivatives Easy
3.41 Free Sundae Birthday LineComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Medium
21.11 Place or TakeKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Hard
32.36 When the Clock Hands MeetRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
23.2 Rook to the CornerBackward Induction and Winning Positions Games and Decisions Easy
4.17 Next Ball Given a Colour ImbalanceSymmetry in a Shuffled Deck Probability Medium
1.23 Strings Without Repeated NeighboursComplements and Inclusion-Exclusion Counting Medium
5.12 Diagnostic Test Base Rate+2Bayes' Rule and Base Rates Probability Easy Free
3.11 Max Equals Min Around ZeroDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
9.18 Second Dart Farther OutDiscs, Spheres and Darts Probability Medium
19.7 Type II Error of a z-TestHypothesis Tests and Sample Sizes Statistics and Regression Medium
4.12 Exchangeable Draws Without ReplacementSymmetry in a Shuffled Deck Probability Easy
23.10 Rock-Paper-Scissors Without RockMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Easy Free
16.7 Visits to a Level Before RuinGambler's Ruin Random Processes Hard
21.5 Choosing a Number Against a Random OneKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Medium
7.33 Random Sum Is a Perfect SquareSums of Dice and Generating Functions Probability Hard
10.26 Knowing a Neighbour at a Round TableIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Medium
1.2 No Two Evens AdjacentArrangements and Selections Counting Easy
5.7 Single Roll Against Best of TwoThe Law of Total Probability Probability Easy
4.28 Parity of Biased Bernoulli SumsParity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Medium
32.27 Boys and Girls Exchanging GiftsAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
12.10 Rolling Until the Sum Is Not SevenConditioning on How It Ended Expectation and Variance Easy Free
2.2 Staircase With Hops of Any SizeBijections and Double Counting Counting Easy
23.16 Matching Integers GameMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Medium
27.7 Rock-Paper-Scissors TalliesDeduction Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
2.29 Domino Tilings of a 3×n BoardRecursions Counting Hard
13.18 Expected Chord LengthExpected Lengths and Distances Expectation and Variance Medium
33.18 Eigenvalues of a Matrix FunctionLinear Algebra Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
1.20 Integers Containing a ZeroComplements and Inclusion-Exclusion Counting Easy Free
6.12 Chopping Heads Off a DragonSmall Absorbing Chains Probability Medium
23.18 Noisy DuelMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Medium
8.3 Same Dyadic IntervalSums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Easy
11.15 Roll Until a New ValueFirst-Step Equations for Expectations Expectation and Variance Easy
9.3 Origin Between Two PointsRegions in the Unit Square Probability Easy
32.43 Doubling Lily PadsPercentages, Mixtures and Growth Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
3.28 Monochromatic Rectangles in a DodecagonDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Medium
7.23 Rescaling a Poisson Time WindowThe Poisson Distribution Probability Easy Free
21.10 Guessing Card ColoursKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Medium
4.9 One Random Interval Inside AnotherRelative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Hard
8.13 Budget for Two Normal PricesThe Normal Distribution Probability Easy
5.4 Die With One Face LoweredThe Law of Total Probability Probability Easy
14.14 Limit of Halving Nested IntervalsCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Medium
33.4 Maximal Spherical Zone AreaCalculus Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
3.20 Ants Moving on a TriangleDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
1.9 Heights Descending OutwardArrangements and Selections Counting Easy
7.3 First Flip Leads at the EndBinomial and Geometric Probability Medium
17.3 Thinned and Merged Client StreamsArrivals, Thinning and Superposition Random Processes Easy
10.34 Cycles Longer Than HalfCycles and Loops Expectation and Variance Medium
4.19 Coins Flipped Until All Heads or GoneIngenious Symmetries and Couplings Probability Easy
15.1 Two-State Chain Return TimeHitting and Return Times Random Processes Easy Free
16.15 Last Vertex Visited on a CycleWalks on Cycles and Lattices Random Processes Medium
11.13 Trapped MinerFirst-Step Equations for Expectations Expectation and Variance Easy
7.16 Tie Versus Win for Geometric WaitsBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
19.8 Sample Size for a ProportionHypothesis Tests and Sample Sizes Statistics and Regression Easy
31.31 The Cyclic Number 142857Digit Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
11.20 Running Sum Hits a Multiple of Six+1Stopping Rules and Wald's Identity Expectation and Variance Easy Free
32.35 Angle Between Clock HandsRates, Work and Motion Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.8 Infinite Nested RadicalAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.46 Repeated Dilution of WinePercentages, Mixtures and Growth Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
10.10 Replacing the Lowest CardIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
3.6 Choosing the Safest Full HouseCards and Poker Hands Probability Hard
3.32 How Many Trials for ConfidenceComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Easy
32.24 Age a Fraction of the Birth YearAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
15.2 Random Walk on a CubeHitting and Return Times Random Processes Medium
21.16 Accepting a Doubled BetBetting, Bidding and Market Making Games and Decisions Easy
26.2 At-the-Money Call Approximation+2Black-Scholes Rules of Thumb Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
33.3 πe Versus eπCalculus Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
31.15 Most Balanced FactorisationDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
32.21 Coins Not Uniquely DeterminedAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
33.1 Derivative of (ln x)xCalculus Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
33.22 Solvability and RankLinear Algebra Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
14.9 Perfectly Correlated Sum and DifferenceCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Medium
20.1 Reverse Regression Slope+1OLS Mechanics Statistics and Regression Easy Free
23.6 Tigers and SheepBackward Induction and Winning Positions Games and Decisions Medium
9.19 Two Points on a Square's BoundaryDiscs, Spheres and Darts Probability Medium
14.24 Mean of the Exponential MartingaleMoments and Generating Functions Expectation and Variance Easy Free
3.13 Rerolling the Same Dice ValuesDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
3.1 Four of a Kind and Poker Hands+5Cards and Poker Hands Probability Easy Free
10.5 St Petersburg ParadoxFair Prices from the Definition Expectation and Variance Easy
2.16 Unit-Step Sequences to a TargetLattice Paths, Reflection and Catalan Numbers Counting Easy
1.6 Anagrams With Matching EndsArrangements and Selections Counting Easy
11.5 LCM of Rolls Exceeding 2000The Coupon Collector Expectation and Variance Hard
3.18 Random Weights on a BalanceDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Medium
6.4 Length of a First-to-Three RaceWhich Comes First? Probability Easy
2.26 Subsets With One Consecutive PairRecursions Counting Hard
33.10 Propagated Fibonacci ErrorSequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
4.8 Five Random Intervals Sharing a PointRelative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Hard
26.4 Option Price from the GreeksBlack-Scholes Rules of Thumb Finance and Derivatives Easy
21.7 Discarding Cards Before AveragingKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Medium
15.5 Doubly Stochastic ChainsLong-Run Behaviour Random Processes Easy
31.19 Remainder One Less Than DivisorModular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
29.2 Burning RopesMeasuring Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
18.2 Conditioning a Brownian BridgeGaussian Structure Random Processes Medium
32.30 Nine Children and the Father's AgeAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
23.12 Two Below WinsMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Medium
4.13 Card After the First AceSymmetry in a Shuffled Deck Probability Medium
31.16 Bikes and SpokesDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
1.4 Prime Digits With Fixed ProductArrangements and Selections Counting Easy
10.14 Expected Fixed PointsIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
21.4 Guess Higher or LowerKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Medium
31.30 Smallest Number with Given Digit ProductDigit Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.2 Power Sums from Sum and ProductAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
13.11 Last of Four Exponential BulbsUniform Order Statistics and Spacings Expectation and Variance Easy
1.7 Scheduling Repeated AppointmentsArrangements and Selections Counting Easy
30.4 Ants on a String+1Invariants and Symmetry Arguments Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
14.7 Decorrelating by a Regression CoefficientCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy
14.29 Covariance of Infinite-Mean VariablesMoments and Generating Functions Expectation and Variance Medium
23.11 Distance Game on an IntervalMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Medium
7.28 Sum Seven With a Weighted DieSums of Dice and Generating Functions Probability Easy Free
7.8 Choosing p for Exactly Two Heads in a RowBinomial and Geometric Probability Medium
3.7 Two Birds Side by SideDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy Free
4.26 Strength-Conserving Gladiator DuelsIngenious Symmetries and Couplings Probability Hard
12.9 Lognormal With Exponential VarianceThe Tower Property Expectation and Variance Medium
4.6 Last Queen Before Last KingRelative Order of Exchangeable Values Probability Medium
7.27 Geometric Number of BallsOccupancy Probability Medium
18.8 Variance by the Itô Isometry+2Ito Integrals and the Isometry Random Processes Easy Free
9.10 Shortest Piece of a Broken StickBroken Sticks Probability Medium
2.22 Non-Crossing Chord PairingsLattice Paths, Reflection and Catalan Numbers Counting Medium
33.20 Spectrum of Identity Plus All-OnesLinear Algebra Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
26.3 Call with Infinite MaturityBlack-Scholes Rules of Thumb Finance and Derivatives Medium
7.21 Big or Small Deck for the First AceSampling Without Replacement Probability Medium
13.15 Length of a Monotone RunRecords and Monotone Runs Expectation and Variance Medium
10.28 Elevator Stops+4Distinct Values Expectation and Variance Easy Free
4.14 Which Colour Runs Out LastSymmetry in a Shuffled Deck Probability Medium
12.1 Die Size Set by a Die+1The Tower Property Expectation and Variance Easy Free
9.4 Window Catching a Light ChangeRegions in the Unit Square Probability Easy
23.13 Choosing Coin BiasesMixed Strategies and Equilibria Games and Decisions Easy
1.18 Dice Totals by Stars and BarsStars and Bars Counting Easy
8.10 Random Quadratic With No Real RootsSums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Easy
4.24 The Airplane SeatIngenious Symmetries and Couplings Probability Medium
8.24 Median of Three UniformsOrder Statistics Probability Easy
4.11 Marked Cards Before the Joker+3Symmetry in a Shuffled Deck Probability Easy Free
25.12 Arbitrage Across an Options ChainNo-Arbitrage Bounds Finance and Derivatives Medium
11.11 Forgetful Bottles of BeerWaiting for Patterns Expectation and Variance Medium
6.2 One Total Before Another+3Which Comes First? Probability Easy Free
29.11 Double-Padlock ExchangeScheduling and Clever Constructions Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
7.7 Bear Catching Three FishBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
27.1 One Question for Liar and Truth-TellerTruth-Tellers and Liars Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium Free
2.34 Labelling a DieCounting Under Symmetry Counting Easy
31.9 Up 20% or Down 20%Divisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
8.15 Wedges of the Standard Bivariate NormalThe Normal Distribution Probability Medium
2.20 Ballot ProblemLattice Paths, Reflection and Catalan Numbers Counting Medium
22.5 Drawing From a Biased UrnStop or Roll Again? Games and Decisions Medium
19.3 Monte Carlo Estimate of PiEstimators Statistics and Regression Easy
31.27 Digit Product Equal to HalfDigit Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
5.18 Bertrand's BoxConditioning Paradoxes Probability Easy
8.5 Product of Two Uniforms Above a HalfSums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Easy
2.17 Reaching 4-4 in a Deuce GameLattice Paths, Reflection and Catalan Numbers Counting Easy
26.10 Delta Decay Near ExpiryHedging and Approximations Finance and Derivatives Medium
10.27 Random Plane Through an OctahedronIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Medium
21.19 Winner's CurseBetting, Bidding and Market Making Games and Decisions Medium
1.16 Numbers With Digit Sum 9Stars and Bars Counting Easy
16.16 Expected Squared DisplacementWalks on Cycles and Lattices Random Processes Easy
6.6 Alternating Race to Two HeadsWhich Comes First? Probability Medium
3.19 Random Tic-Tac-Toe LineDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
30.2 Wine and Water GlassesInvariants and Symmetry Arguments Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
3.31 De Méré's Problem+1Complements and 'At Least One' Probability Easy Free
9.12 All Points in a SemicirclePoints on a Circle Probability Medium
14.23 Range of a Third CorrelationBounds on Moments and Correlations Expectation and Variance Medium
32.26 Dollars and Cents SwappedAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
11.12 Simulating a One-Third Event+1First-Step Equations for Expectations Expectation and Variance Easy Free
29.6 Soldiers and Two ChildrenCrossings and Transport Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
17.2 No Heads in a Poisson Number of FlipsArrivals, Thinning and Superposition Random Processes Easy
21.14 Paying for More Uniform DrawsHow Many to Buy? Games and Decisions Medium
34.5 Incircle of an Isosceles TriangleGeometry and Spatial Reasoning Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
2.12 Lines in 3D Tic-Tac-ToeBijections and Double Counting Counting Medium
29.10 Fewest Bills for Every AmountScheduling and Clever Constructions Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.44 Estimating Compound InterestPercentages, Mixtures and Growth Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
31.5 Smallest Square-Valued Question BankDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
1.11 Medals With TiesArrangements and Selections Counting Medium
28.5 One Yes/No Question BoundEncoding and Group Testing Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
12.2 Peeled Die SumThe Tower Property Expectation and Variance Easy
20.3 Simpson's ParadoxR-Squared, Data Transformations and Pitfalls Statistics and Regression Easy Free
32.11 Sharing a Fixed AllowanceAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
17.4 Long Gaps Until the First WomanArrivals, Thinning and Superposition Random Processes Medium
14.25 Skewness of a Symmetric DensityMoments and Generating Functions Expectation and Variance Easy
13.8 Piece Marked by a DotUniform Order Statistics and Spacings Expectation and Variance Easy Free
25.7 Vanilla Put from Binary PutsStatic Replication Finance and Derivatives Medium
7.13 Flip Until a Repeat: Even LengthBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
12.8 Uniform on a Random IntervalThe Tower Property Expectation and Variance Easy
30.8 Forcing a Heavy RowPigeonhole and Extremal Principles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
26.9 Delta-Gamma Price EstimateHedging and Approximations Finance and Derivatives Easy Free
31.14 Factoring by Algebraic IdentityDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
34.3 Minimum Cuts for a CubeGeometry and Spatial Reasoning Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
16.5 Huygens' Gambler's RuinGambler's Ruin Random Processes Medium
2.18 Paths Not Crossing the DiagonalLattice Paths, Reflection and Catalan Numbers Counting Medium
14.10 Correlation of Overlapping SumsCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy
31.18 Large Powers Modulo nModular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
32.16 Five Numbers from Ten Pair SumsAlgebraic Tricks Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
20.5 Rescaling the DataR-Squared, Data Transformations and Pitfalls Statistics and Regression Easy
14.6 Correlation From Standard DeviationsCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy
33.8 Golden Ratio as a Fibonacci Limit+1Sequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
20.2 OLS as Maximum LikelihoodOLS Mechanics Statistics and Regression Medium
11.18 Turn One, Flip OneFirst-Step Equations for Expectations Expectation and Variance Medium
3.10 Dice Sum At Least ProductDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
1.21 Starts With 1 or Ends With 00Complements and Inclusion-Exclusion Counting Easy
3.23 Each Face Exactly Six TimesDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
15.3 Flipping Identity Matrix EntriesHitting and Return Times Random Processes Medium
6.5 Two Fives Before a Four and a SixWhich Comes First? Probability Medium
17.1 Covariance of Poisson CountsArrivals, Thinning and Superposition Random Processes Easy Free
10.2 Multiplier That Keeps Value ConstantFair Prices from the Definition Expectation and Variance Easy
31.17 Units Digit of a PowerModular Arithmetic Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
2.32 Seating Four at a Round TableCounting Under Symmetry Counting Easy Free
11.16 Turning Coins Over in PairsFirst-Step Equations for Expectations Expectation and Variance Easy
3.4 Another Pair from a Depleted DeckCards and Poker Hands Probability Medium
9.16 Point in the Lower Part of a ConeDiscs, Spheres and Darts Probability Easy
4.30 Prime Sum of Prime DiceParity and Divisibility of Random Sums Probability Easy
19.4 Beta-Binomial Posterior MeanEstimators Statistics and Regression Easy
16.3 Variance of a Hitting TimeHitting Probabilities and Times Random Processes Medium
3.26 Four Dogs in a Row at a Round TableDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Medium
18.3 Brownian Orthant ProbabilityGaussian Structure Random Processes Medium
22.10 Continuous BlackjackThresholds for Continuous Draws Games and Decisions Hard
29.1 Hourglasses for Nine MinutesMeasuring Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
26.11 Sticky-Delta Volatility SmileHedging and Approximations Finance and Derivatives Medium
30.9 Maximum Product PartitionPigeonhole and Extremal Principles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
14.28 Beta Parameters From MomentsMoments and Generating Functions Expectation and Variance Medium
12.14 Trapped Miner Given Door CountConditioning on How It Ended Expectation and Variance Medium
14.22 Minimum Common CorrelationBounds on Moments and Correlations Expectation and Variance Medium
4.25 Pólya's Urn Free ThrowsIngenious Symmetries and Couplings Probability Medium
2.30 Pairing Gloves With Close LabelsRecursions Counting Medium
18.5 Running Maximum Is PositiveHitting Times and the Reflection Principle Random Processes Medium
8.11 Random Cubic With a Root in (0,1)Sums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Medium
13.2 Expected Minimum of Three DiceMaxima and Minima of Dice and Cards Expectation and Variance Easy
16.19 Powers of a Product MartingaleMartingales and Optional Stopping Random Processes Medium
8.6 Density of a Product of UniformsSums, Products and Ratios of Uniforms Probability Medium
30.13 Tower of HanoiRecursion and Induction Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
21.15 Market on a DifferenceBetting, Bidding and Market Making Games and Decisions Easy Free
2.24 Lazy Caterer's LinesRecursions Counting Easy
14.8 Sum and Difference With Equal VariancesCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy
9.13 Random Arcs That Avoid Each OtherPoints on a Circle Probability Medium
34.2 Ant on a CubeGeometry and Spatial Reasoning Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
14.16 Variance of a Coordinate on the SphereCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy
18.13 Mean of the Vasicek Rate+1Mean-Reverting SDEs Random Processes Medium Free
28.9 Twenty-Five HorsesAdversarial Search Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
7.25 Fixed Points Poisson LimitThe Poisson Distribution Probability Easy
3.42 Waiting for Adjacent BirthdaysComplements and 'At Least One' Probability Hard
31.28 Ages from the Grandmother's DigitsDigit Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
3.21 Four Chords Forming a QuadrilateralDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
31.13 Prime JanitorsDivisibility and Primes Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
34.1 The Degenerate Triangle GardenGeometry and Spatial Reasoning Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy Free
23.8 Kayles With Ten CardsBackward Induction and Winning Positions Games and Decisions Hard
12.5 Nested Random Dice SumsThe Tower Property Expectation and Variance Easy
5.19 Painted Cube Showing Five Blank FacesConditioning Paradoxes Probability Medium
13.16 Expected Final Maximum Of Increasing RunRecords and Monotone Runs Expectation and Variance Hard
7.19 Last Green Ball on a Given Draw+1Sampling Without Replacement Probability Easy Free
3.16 Matching Colours in Two HalvesDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Medium
10.1 Stopping at the First BoyFair Prices from the Definition Expectation and Variance Easy Free
33.16 Number of Digits of 100!Sequences, Series and Estimation Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
6.10 Frog Landing on kSmall Absorbing Chains Probability Medium
27.2 Hundred Self-Referential StatementsTruth-Tellers and Liars Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
3.22 Three Colours Meeting at a CornerDice, Coins, Urns and Seats Probability Easy
2.6 Digit Sum From 1 to a MillionBijections and Double Counting Counting Medium
16.1 Probability of Ever Reaching a Level+3Hitting Probabilities and Times Random Processes Medium Free
14.13 Deviation From the Sample MeanCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Medium
11.17 Re-flipping Pairs of TailsFirst-Step Equations for Expectations Expectation and Variance Medium
12.11 Geometric Times Given Who Finished FirstConditioning on How It Ended Expectation and Variance Medium
21.12 Splitting Balls Between Two UrnsKeep, Switch or Reroll Once Games and Decisions Easy Free
27.6 Mislabelled Fruit BagsDeduction Puzzles Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
1.24 Dice Hitting Every TotalComplements and Inclusion-Exclusion Counting Hard
14.17 Determinant of a Random Antisymmetric MatrixCovariance and Correlation Calculations Expectation and Variance Easy
30.3 Even Row and Column SumsInvariants and Symmetry Arguments Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Easy
2.33 Two-Colour Bracelets Up to RotationCounting Under Symmetry Counting Medium
4.15 First Colour Exhausted Among ThreeSymmetry in a Shuffled Deck Probability Medium
27.3 Finding an Honest AgentTruth-Tellers and Liars Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Hard
9.5 Meeting Problem+1Regions in the Unit Square Probability Easy Free
12.4 Thinned Poisson EggsThe Tower Property Expectation and Variance Easy
28.4 Poisoned Wine and Binary TastersEncoding and Group Testing Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
7.2 Independent Gender EventsBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy
1.19 Two-Colour Balls in Full BowlsStars and Bars Counting Medium
34.4 Shadow of a CubeGeometry and Spatial Reasoning Brainteasers and Pure Mathematics Medium
16.13 Vertical or Horizontal Side FirstWalks on Cycles and Lattices Random Processes Medium Free
10.12 Ratio of Partial SumsIndicator Variables Expectation and Variance Easy
3.3 Probability of a StraightCards and Poker Hands Probability Easy
8.17 Exponential Race After Scaling+1Exponential Variables and Races Probability Easy Free
7.10 Recovering a Geometric ParameterBinomial and Geometric Probability Easy